Pterygoid plexus has connection with cavernous sinus through the emissary veins. Venous drainage of head and neck linkedin slideshare. Torsten liem do osteopath gosc gb, in cranial osteopathy second edition, 2004. In principle, both tributaries as well as draining veins may serve as transvenous approach to the cavernous sinus, depending on individual angioarchitecture of the av. Lateral pterygoid short thick muscle lying almost horizontally. The pterygoid venous plexuses are closely adjacent to the lateral pterygoid m. Lateral pterygoid muscle rhabdomyolysis american journal. If this is simply an incidental finding, probably no follow up necessary, or possibly an additional study or follow up mri in a short time if there is some uncertainty.
Pterygoid venous plexus cavernous sinus deep facial vein pterygoid venous plexus it is a valveless venous plexus of considerable size, and is situated on the lateral aspect of medial pterygoid within the infratemporal fossa it drains the eye and is directly connected to the cavernous sinus. The pterygoid processes or pterygoid plates are paired posteroinferior projections of the sphenoid bone. It is connected to the cavernous sinus and the pharyngeal venous plexus. The orbital varices were incidentally discovered while investigating the patients initial presentation of bilateral chorioretinal scars and optic nerve head drusen. Magnetic resonance imaging mri of the brain and orbits with contrast confirmed the presence of bilateral varices of the.
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of grays anatomy 1918. Percutaneous biopsy of head and neck lesions with ct. Pterygoid fovea on neck of mandible and to capsule and articular disc of tm joint. It communicates with the facial vein through the deep facial and angular veins. May 11, 2020 kiesselbachs plexus is an integral anastomosis of five branches converging in the anterior inferior quadrant of the nasal septum over the septal cartilage. It receives tributaries corresponding with the branches of the maxillary artery. The key to success in removing a large jna is effective control of bleeding.
Facial vein drains pterygoid plexus pterygoid venous plexus drains deep veins via deep facial vein. The infratemporal fossa borders contents teachmeanatomy. It surrounds the maxillary artery and receives numerous branches that carry blood from the face and surrounding region to the facial and maxillary veins. Typically, the small veins in a venous plexus will eventually unite and form a single large vein. The pterygoid venous plexus communicates with the cavernous sinus via two routes. Pterygoid venous plexus doctors answer your questions. The pterygoid venous plexus is an extensive valveless plexus of veins that parallels the medial two thirds of the maxillary artery on the lateral aspect of the medial pterygoid muscle, within the infratemporal fossa. Inferior ophthalmic liebgott, the anatomical basis of dentistry, 2nd ed, mosby, 2001 blood supply to the infratemporal fossa connections to.
Pterygoid plexus definition of pterygoid plexus by. Each pterygoid process projects inferiorly from the junction of the body and greater wing of the sphenoid bone and bifurcates into a medial pterygoid plate and a lateral pterygoid plate. In other words, the injection of contrast medium into the posterior portion of the mandible does not only outline medullary cavity of but also allow the demonstration of the pterygoid venous plexus and of some of its tributaries. It is interesting to note the affected abdominal and pelvic muscles in our patient showed changes from subtle to prominent hyperattenuation on ct scans in a similar time course. Normal leftcommon carotid angiogram, venous phase, lateral view. The ma is in contact with the inferior alveolar nerve ian and lingual nerve ln trost et al. Epomedicine oct 18, 2017 no comments anatomy cardiovascular system. Veins of the deep structures of the face open here. The lateral pterygoid muscle, also known as pterygoideus externus or external pterygoid muscle, is one of the muscles of mastication. The area has been referred to as littles area, kiesselbachs triangle or kiesselbachs area. Pterygoid venous plexus is connected to facial vein via deep facial. Normal leftcommon carotid angiogram, venous phase, lateral fig. Involvement of pterygoid venous plexus in patulous. It is located deep to the masseter muscle and zygomatic arch to which the masseter attaches.
Involvement of pterygoid venous plexus in patulous eustachian. May 07, 2020 a venous plexus is any collection of veins clustered together within the body. Closure of a direct carotid cavernous fistula with detachable coils by transpterygoid venous approach to the cavernous sinus is an alternative technique that may be applied in cases in which other techniques offer increased risk or in which other techniques have failed. Cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis sans thrombosis secondary.
Limited information here, am assuming this is a mri finding. To release the tmj, medial pterygoid muscle and myofascial structures of the nasal part of the pharynx, to drain the pterygoid venous plexus, and to improve auditory tube function. Pterygoid plexus vein definition of pterygoid plexus vein. The infratemporal fossa is a complex area located at the base of the skull, deep to the masseter muscle it is closely associated with both the temporal and pterygopalatine fossae and acts as a conduit for neurovascular structures entering and leaving the cranial cavity this article will outline the borders and content of the fossa before examining its clinical relevance. Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate superficial head. Pterygoid venous plexus definition of pterygoid venous. It drains into short maxillary vein which accompanies first part of maxillary artery which in turm joins superficial temporal vein to form retromandibular vein within the parotid gland what are the connections of pterygoid venous plexus. Pterygoid plexus noun the noun pterygoid plexus has 1 sense 1. Dent106y maxillary artery and pterygoid venous plexus. It is an important region because of the potential to spread dental infection. Start studying dent106y maxillary artery and pterygoid venous plexus. Pterygoid plexus vein definition of pterygoid plexus. Transvenous embolization of a dural arteriovenous fistula of the laterocavernous sinus through the pterygoid plexus.
Medial pterygoid muscle an overview sciencedirect topics. At the inferior tip of the medial pterygoid plate is the small hookshaped process, the. We have conducted a study after injection of colored latex in 10 unembalmed subjects in order to define the arrangement of the venous network and to assess the frequency of the different types of plexuses found. Small veins may drain through the foramen rotundum and foramen ovale as well as through the pterygoid plexus to anastomose with the facial venous system external jugular vein. Pterygoid plexus definition of pterygoid plexus by medical. For venous drainage of the cavernous sinus, the inferior petrosal sinus and pterygoid plexus have main importance. One route is via emissary veins passing through the foramen ovale, foramen spinosum. Another route is via the deep facial vein, which links the pterygoid venous plexus with the facial vein. Our analyses were based on intraoperative observations and advanced imaging methods. In 5 of these cases, both intraoperative observations and imaging data suggested that an important factor in the blood loss was damage to the pterygoid venous plexus pvp. Ocular venous outflow begins in the arcade retinal veins, which exit into the central retinal vein and in the choroidal veins, which exit the sclera through the vortex veins.
Pterygoid venous plexus radiology reference article. Release of the medial pterygoid muscle improves the function of the tensor veli palatini muscle. Request pdf involvement of pterygoid venous plexus in patulous eustachian tube symptoms the pterygoid venous plexus pvp is an important factor in the mechanism of eustachian tube et. Ubersetzungen fur pterygoid venous plexus plexus venosus pterygoideus im englischdeutschworterbuch, mit echten sprachaufnahmen, illustrationen, beugungsformen. A venous plexus is a congregation of multiple veins a list of venous plexuses. Pterygoid plexus definition of pterygoid plexus by the. The lateral pterygoid is a short, thick muscle, somewhat conical in form, which extends almost horizontally, posteriorly and laterally between the infratemporal fossa and the condyle of the mandible. Anatomy and pathology of the cranial emissary veins. The isolated involvement of the lateral pterygoid muscles may be due to. Anterior condylar vein the anterior condylar vein accompanies the hypoglossal nerve. Lateral pterygoid muscle rhabdomyolysis, american journal. Pterygoid plexus medical definition merriamwebster. The collection of veins occupying the infratemporal fossa. Lateral pterygoid muscle radiology reference article.
Chang l1, zixiang y, zheming f, gongbiao l, zhichun l, rong z, aidong z, shuzhan l. The pterygoid processes or pterygoid plates are paired posteroinferior projections of the sphenoid bone gross anatomy. The pharyngeal plexus venous is a network of veins beginning in the pharyngeal plexus on the outer surface of the pharynx, and, after receiving some posterior meningeal veins and the vein of the pterygoid canal, end in the internal jugular see also. The fossa is closely associated with both the pterygopalatine fossa, via the pterygomaxillary fissure, and also communicates with the temporal fossa, which lies superiorly figure 1. Although discussed less often, the venous system is also critical to normal functioning of the visual pathways.
Transvenous embolization of a direct carotid cavernous. Many plexus locations are found in the human body, including vertebral, pterygoid, pampiniform, vesical, uterine, vaginal, uterovaginal, and rectal venous plexuses. Pterygoid plexus definition of pterygoid plexus by the free. Oct 18, 2017 facial vein drains pterygoid plexus pterygoid venous plexus drains deep veins via deep facial vein. In this case report, we present the details of the management of a direct carotid cavernous fistula by this method. Veins of the eyelids anastomose medially between the angular vein and branches of the superior ophthalmic vein particularly at the superior medial orbit in the region. This report illustrates a case of asymptomatic bilateral orbital varices in a 64yearold caucasian male. Management of pterygoid venous plexus hemorrhage during. Pterygoid plexus noun the noun pterygoid plexus has 1 sense. The selective involvement of the lateral pterygoid muscles among the muscles of mastication may be due to the prominent pterygoid venous plexus that surrounds each muscle. The infratemporal fossa can be said to have a wedge shape. Pterygoid plexus vein synonyms, pterygoid plexus vein pronunciation, pterygoid plexus vein translation, english dictionary definition of pterygoid plexus vein. Lateral pterygoid muscle rhabdomyolysis to the best of our knowledge, involvement of the head and neck muscles by rhabdomyolysis has not been reported previously. Management of pterygoid venous plexus hemorrhage during resection of a large juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.
The itf contains several of the mastication muscles, the pterygoid venous plexus, the maxillary artery ma and the mn ramification prades et al. In the 12weekold embryo, the prootic sinus participates in forming the cavernous sinus and foramen ovale venous plexus draining into pterygoid plexus and receives blood flow from superior ophthalmic vein fig. However most of the blood draining from the tissues supplied by this artery, bypasses the. Pharyngeal plexus netters atlas, 4th ed, saunderselsevier, 2006.
As always, speak with your clinician regarding appropriate course of. Pterygoid venous plexus cavernous sinus deep facial vein inferior ophthalmic vein infraorbital vein. The pharyngeal mucosal space fig 1a1e is located on the airway side of the buccopharyngeal fascia in the nasopharynx and oropharynx and contains mucosa, lymphoid tissue, minor salivary glands, and pharyngeal constrictor muscles. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. A venous plexus is any collection of veins clustered together within the body. Pdf transvenous embolization of a dural arteriovenous. Little protrusion to assist in opening of jaw, depression along with hyoid muscles grinding collective action of both pterygoids medial pterygoid origin.
208 127 861 1365 1546 598 65 650 967 1250 151 861 958 1207 1160 583 1117 1483 356 468 30 1438 1577 549 1473 925 143 987 1451 450 1018 729 874 1070 612 514 747 481 1181 1380 874 308 1106